OBESITY

OBESTY

 OBESITY

Is an excessive fat accumulation that increases body weight by 20% or more than the average weight , of the person’s sex, height and body frame.

CHILDREN OF OBESITY

CAUSES

Obesity usually results when calorie intake consistently exceeds metabolic demands

·         Hereditary

·         Psychological factors such as anxiety and depression

·         Diseases such as Cushing Syndrome, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism.

·         Age ; early childhood (intake of sweets, ice creams, chocolate), adolescence (polyghagia) and puberty (hormonal changes)

·         Socio-cultural and environment

·         Abnormal absorption of nutrients

·         Impaired GIT absorption nutrients

OBESE WOMAN

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

·         Body weight of more than 20% average for the person’s height and weight

·         Body mass index more than 30

·         Palpitations

·         Easy fatigue

·         Muscle and joint pain

·         Body image disturbance

DIAGNOSIS

CHECK YOUR WEIGHT

It could be diagnosed with the use of BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) which is calculated as follows;

BMI             =  weight in kg/(height in m)2

BMI             = 18.5 to 24.5 indicates an ideal body weight

BMI             =  25 to 29.5 indicates over weight. The client is advised to lose some weight

BMI             =  30 to 34.9 indicates obesity. You must try and lose weight

BMI of 35 and above is a sign of morbid obesity. The client’s health is at serious risk and he/she must lose weight.

MEASUREMENT

OTHER DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES

·         Body surface area

·         Basal metabolic rate

·         Waist hip measurement (divide weight of person by their hip measurement). Normal result 0.8 to 1

·         Nutritional assessment for eating habits

·         Hormonal study (thyroid and adrenal glands)

·         Physical assessment



MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL

·        Eat well balance diet (1000 calories per day should be eliminated to lose 1kg of weght a week)

·         Check client weight weekly

·         Diet should consist of 1200 calories per day for women and 1500 calories diet for men

·         Reduce fat intake to less than 30% calories, 15-20% protein and about 40% carbohydrate

·         Take in nutrient supplements such as iron, vitamin B6, zinc and folate

·         Season foods with garlic, onions and pepper

·         Encourage intake of baked, broiled or steamed foods

·         Use minimal polyunsaturated oil for cooking

·         Identify and eliminate cause of over eating

·         Reinforce proper dieting habits

·         Exercise regularly; brisk walking for 30 minutes, 3 times per week. This should be done at regular intervals and sustained. During each session the client should sweat, and have an increased heart rate and respiration than the usual for the individual

COMPLICATIONS

COMPLICATIONS

   

·         Diabetis Mellitus

·         Gall bladder disease

·         Osteoarthritis

·         Hypertension

·         Heart diseases

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