Posts
 |
| INFLUENZA |
INFLUENZA [GRIPPE OR
FLU]
Influenza is an acute usually self-limiting febrile
contagious infection of the respiratory tract caused by myxovirus influenzae.
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
Influenza can be transmitted through droplet infection or
contact with contaminated objects such as drinking cup or inhalation of infected
droplets during coughing, sneezing and talking.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
 |
| TYPES OF INFLUENZA |
On entering the respiratory tract, the influenza virus
irritates the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract causing inflammation
and desquamation, resulting in sudden onset of chills, malaise and other
symptoms. Influenza occurs in isolated cases of epidemics and pandemics
[spreading over wide area, worldwide]. Three groups of influenza virus have
been identified namely; types A, B
and C.
Type A; this has
the highest incidence of influenza case, and has subtypes that cause periodic
epidemics every third year . Its incubation period is 24-48 hours.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF
INFLUENZA
 |
| SYMPTOMS |
1.
Fever [chills] [38.3-40]
2.
Headache
3.
Malaise
4.
Myalgia [pain in muscles] back and limbs
5.
Dry, non productive cough
6.
Anorexia s
7.
Nausea and Vomiting
8.
Sometimes the patient may suffer [Laryngitis,
hoarseness, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, and rhinorrhoea]
 |
| SYMPTOMS |
DIAGNOSIS
1.
Throat and nose culture
2.
Full blood count
3.
Observation of signs and symptoms
MANAGEMENT; MEDICAL
 |
| INFLUENZA VACCINE |
No specific management is required; mainly symptomatic.
1.
Annual influenza vaccine
2.
People who are allergic to eggs, feathers and
chicken should always avoid them
3.
Amantadine can be given to reduce duration of
symptoms
4.
Aspirin or acetaminophen to relief fever and
muscle pain
5.
Expectorants- for cough
NURSING MANAGEMENT
 |
| USE TISSUE WHEN SNEEZING |
1.
Ensure patent has adequate bed rest
2.
Give copious fluids [2-3L daily] to liquefy
bronchial secretion
3.
Administer
oxygen 2-3L PRN
4.
Ensure oral hygiene to improve patient
appetite [give mouth wash]
5.
Warm bath
and compresses are given to relief
muscle pain
6.
Barrier nursing and reverse barrier to prevent client
from infection and visitors from
infection from clients.
7.
Teach proper hand washing and disposal of
secretion [disinfect before disposal]
8.
Educate patient on immunization against
influenza
9.
Teach breathing and coughing exercises
10.
Observe and report for signs and symptoms of
pneumonia
I
HUMBLY ASK YOU NOT TO KEEP THIS KNOWLEDGE TO YOURSELF ALONE, HOWEVER, SHARE ON
ALL SOCIAL MEDIAS FOR YOUR FRIENDS, FAMILY MEMBERS, SCHOOL MATES AND EVERYBODY
WHO IS CLOSE TO YOU
0 comments:
Post a Comment